L'évaluation d'impact sur la santé en Montérégie : un processus appuyé sur le courtage de connaissances.

Le présent article fait état du modèle de soutien à la prise de décision appliqué à l'évaluation d'impact sur la santé (EIS) en Montérégie, au Canada. Pour répondre à la volonté de soutenir l'élaboration de politiques et projets municipaux favorables à la santé et fondés sur les données probantes, la Direction de santé publique a mis en œuvre une démarche d'EIS dont les fondements pratiques s'inspirent des expériences internationales en matière d'EIS et dont les assises théoriques reposent sur le partage et le courtage de connaissances. L'expérience montérégienne démontre que la stratégie de courtage de connaissances appliquées à l'EIS encourage un partage respectueux des responsabilités et rôles de chacune des parties prenantes et favorise l'utilisation des connaissances de santé publique dans la prise de décision municipale. Le courtage des connaissances permet de prendre en compte les enjeux locaux dans les analyses d'impact et dans les recommandations aux décideurs. En conclusion, il s'avère que l'implication des décideurs municipaux à la recherche de solutions favorables à la santé permet d'inscrire les données probantes à l'intérieur des processus décisionnels et d'observer leur utilisation à plusieurs niveaux. L'évaluation des premières expériences d'EIS révèle en effet que les connaissances partagées répondent à des besoins immédiats engendrant leur utilisation directe, contribuent à des changements de perception et de pratique à plus large échelle et font de la santé une valeur reconnue par les décideurs publics et promue auprès de leurs citoyens pour accroître l'acceptabilité des initiatives municipales.

A scoping review of definitions and frameworks of intersectoral action.

Intersectoral action is rooted in all health promotion activities because the determinants of health lie outside of the health sector. Despite the increasing use of these terms (intersectoral action, intersectoral action for health, intersectoral collaboration), often interchangeably, we noted a lack of consensus on their definitions and conceptualizations. The objective of this paper is to report the results of a scoping review of the use of definitions for a set of related terms as well as for conceptual frameworks, including the discussion of the evolution of those definitions and the sectors that use them. Finally, we propose a single definition for each term. We conducted a systematic search for documents published between January, 1960 and March, 2011 in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese. We retrieved 11 to 15 definitions per main term. Using a content analysis approach, an integrative conceptual definition was proposed for four main terms. Furthermore, in reviewing frameworks for potential use, we noted the lack of a comprehensive framework for intersectoral processes.

A scoping review of definitions and frameworks of intersectoral action / Revisão de âmbito das definições e modelos conceituais de ações intersetoriais

AbstractIntersectoral action is rooted in all health promotion activities because the determinants of health lie outside of the health sector. Despite the increasing use of these terms (intersectoral action, intersectoral action for health, intersectoral collaboration), often interchangeably, we noted a lack of consensus on their definitions and conceptualizations. The objective of this paper is to report the results of a scoping review of the use of definitions for a set of related terms as well as for conceptual frameworks, including the discussion of the evolution of those definitions and the sectors that use them. Finally, we propose a single definition for each term. We conducted a systematic search for documents published between January, 1960 and March, 2011 in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese. We retrieved 11 to 15 definitions per main term. Using a content analysis approach, an integrative conceptual definition was proposed for four main terms. Furthermore, in reviewing frameworks for potential use, we noted the lack of a comprehensive framework for intersectoral processes.

ResumoAção intersetorial faz parte de todas as atividades de promoção da saúde, porque a maioria dos seus determinantes estão localizados fora desse setor. Apesar do crescente uso desses termos (ação intersetorial, ação intersetorial para a saúde e colaboração intersetorial), muitas vezes utilizados como sinônimos, notamos uma falta de consenso em suas definições e conceituações. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever o resultado de uma revisão em busca de definições para um conjunto de termos relacionados, bem como para modelos conceituais, incluindo uma discussão da evolução dessas definições e os setores que os utilizam. Finalmente, nós propomos uma definição única para cada termo. Assim, realizamos uma busca sistemática de documentos publicadas entre janeiro de 1960 e março de 2011, em inglês, francês, espanhol e português. Foram encontrados entre 11 e 15 definições por termo principal. Neste contexto, propomos uma definição conceitual integrativa para quatro termos principais, usando uma abordagem de análise de conteúdo. Além disso, na revisão de modelos conceituais, percebemos a falta de um abrangente de processos intersetoriais.

La institucionalización de la evaluación del impacto en la salud en Quebec: ¿un modelo factible en España? / The institutionalization of health impact assessment in Quebec: a feasible model in Spain?

Objetivos En Canadá, Quebec institucionalizó el proceso de la evaluación del impacto en la salud al incluirla en su Ley de Salud Pública. En España, el Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad está en un proceso de reforma de la Ley de Salud Pública, en la cual está prevista la inclusión de la evaluación del impacto en la salud. Este estudio revisa los elementos que han llevado a la implantación efectiva de la evaluación del impacto en la salud en Quebec y reflexiona sobre la posible aplicación del modelo quebequense en el ámbito español. Métodos Se recopiló información aportada en entrevistas realizadas en diversas instituciones de salud pública quebequenses. El modelo de Quebec se comparó con la situación española para identificar las posibles necesidades asociadas a la práctica de la evaluación del impacto en la salud en España. Resultados Las instituciones de salud pública quebequenses han desarrollado una estrategia para la aplicación efectiva de la evaluación del impacto en la salud. Se fundamenta en varias medidas: creación de una red de representantes ministeriales, desarrollo de un procedimiento interno en el Ministerio de Sanidad y Servicios Sociales para responder a las solicitudes formuladas, elaboración de guías metodológicas, creación de programas de investigación, refuerzo de los mecanismos de transferencia de conocimientos y establecimiento de herramientas de comunicación y participación. Conclusiones La regulación legal de la evaluación del impacto en la salud no garantiza el éxito de su implantación. La institucionalización de dicha evaluación requiere establecer una estructura bien diseñada y la asignación de recursos adecuados. La experiencia desarrollada en Quebec muestra un modelo de implantación de la evaluación del impacto en la salud que podría adaptarse a nuestro país, considerando los elementos de la idiosincrasia española (AU)

Objectives In Canada, the province of Quebec has institutionalized Health Impact Assessment (HIA) by including it in its Public Health Act (PHA). In Spain, the Ministry of Health, Social Policy and Equality is in the process of reforming its PHA, and plans to include HIA in this legislation. This study reviews the factors that have led to the effective implementation of HIA in Quebec and discusses the possible applications of the Quebec model in the Spanish context. Methods Information was gathered through interviews conducted in various public health institutions in Quebec. The Quebec model was compared to the Spanish situation, to identify potential needs associated with the practice of HIA in Spain. ResultsIn Quebec, public health institutions have developed a strategy for effective implementation of HIA. This strategy is based on several measures: creation of a network of ministerial representatives, development of an internal procedure at the Ministry of Health and Social Services to respond to requests, preparation of methodological guidelines, establishment of a research program, strengthening of knowledge transfer mechanisms, and establishment of communication and participation tools. Conclusions HIA legislation does not guarantee its successful implementation. The institutionalization of HIA requires establishing a well-designed structure, as well as the allocation of adequate resources. The Quebec experience offers one model of HIA implementation that could be adapted to our country, taking into account elements of Spanish idiosyncrasies (AU)

[The institutionalization of health impact assessment in Quebec: a feasible model in Spain?]. / La institucionalización de la evaluación del impacto en la salud en Quebec: ¿un modelo factible en España?

OBJECTIVES: In Canada, the province of Quebec has institutionalized Health Impact Assessment (HIA) by including it in its Public Health Act (PHA). In Spain, the Ministry of Health, Social Policy and Equality is in the process of reforming its PHA, and plans to include HIA in this legislation. This study reviews the factors that have led to the effective implementation of HIA in Quebec and discusses the possible applications of the Quebec model in the Spanish context. METHODS: Information was gathered through interviews conducted in various public health institutions in Quebec. The Quebec model was compared to the Spanish situation, to identify potential needs associated with the practice of HIA in Spain. RESULTS: In Quebec, public health institutions have developed a strategy for effective implementation of HIA. This strategy is based on several measures: creation of a network of ministerial representatives, development of an internal procedure at the Ministry of Health and Social Services to respond to requests, preparation of methodological guidelines, establishment of a research program, strengthening of knowledge transfer mechanisms, and establishment of communication and participation tools. CONCLUSIONS: HIA legislation does not guarantee its successful implementation. The institutionalization of HIA requires establishing a well-designed structure, as well as the allocation of adequate resources. The Quebec experience offers one model of HIA implementation that could be adapted to our country, taking into account elements of Spanish idiosyncrasies.

[Integrating prevention and promotion in health systems: four realities, diverse similarities]. / L'intégration de la prévention et de la promotion dans les systèmes de santé: quatre réalités, plusiers similitudes.

The Forum Dialogue on national health systems which took place as a satellite meeting of the 2nd International Conference on Local and Regional Health Programmes compared four countries (Brazil, France, Switzerland and Canada) sustain "conditions to integrate prevention and promotion in health systems". Despite the diversity of the four systems presented, several similarities regarding difficulties faced and achievements obtained in the integration process have been extracted, which has allowed highlighting three perspectives of action. It is suggested that prevention and promotion can be integrated into health systems by mobilising the population and health professionals towards prevention, but with the condition that the promotion and prevention sector increase its credibility by developing practices of quality, organisation, discourse, and prevention practices adjusted to the health care context. Finally, exchange between the countries on this subject is the way forward to nourish the thinking and support each other to obtain this desired integration.